c. 1200, religioun , “state from life limited by monastic vows,” including “step otherwise perform proving a belief inside the a divine fuel and you will reverence getting and desire to excite it,” away from Anglo-French religiun (11c.), Dated French faith , relegion “piety, devotion; spiritual area,” and you may right from Latin religionem (nominative religio ) “admiration for what try sacred, reverence with the gods; conscientiousness, feeling of best, moral obligations; concern with new gods; divine service, spiritual observance; a faith, a faith, a method out of praise, cult; sanctity, holiness,” into the Late Latin “monastic lifestyle” (5c.).
Which noun away from action is derived by Cicero regarding relegere “experience again” (inside understanding or perhaps in imagine), from lso are- “again” (come across re also-) + legere “read” (look for lecture (n.)). However, prominent etymology one of many later on ancients (Servius, Lactantius, Augustine) therefore the interpretation of numerous progressive publishers links they having religare “so you’re able to join fast” (find count), through the notion of “put an obligation for the,” or “bond anywhere between people and you will gods.” If so, the fresh new re also- was extreme.
Inside the English, the meaning “type of system from trust on praise regarding a great divine getting otherwise beings” is via c. 1300; the feeling of “detection out-of and you can allegiance in means of life (perceived as justly owed) to another location, unseen stamina otherwise energies” is actually away from 1530s.
Entries linking so you can Religion
word-forming element meaning “back, straight back regarding, back again to the original lay;” including “once more, anew, once again,” in addition to conveying the very thought of “undoing” otherwise “backwards,” etc. (discover experience advancement lower than), c. 1200, out-of Dated French re- and you may straight from Latin re also- an indivisible prefix meaning “again; back; anew, against.”
Watkins (2000) describes so it because an excellent “Latin merging mode conceivably out-of Indo-Eu *wret- , metathetical version regarding *wert- “to show.” De Vaan states the fresh “just acceptable etymology” for this try an excellent 2004 factor hence reconstructs a-root into the Pie *ure “back.”
For the very first Latin the fresh prefix turned reddish- in advance of vowels and you may h- , a type maintained in redact, get, redolent, redundant, redintegrate , and, when you look at the disguise, bring (v.). In a number of English terminology away from French and Italian re- appears as ra- and after the consonant is commonly twofold (find rally (v.1)).
Many significance in the notion of “back” bring re- the wide experience-range: “a turning back; opposition; maintenance to a former county; “changeover so you can a face-to-face county.” On the lengthened sensory faculties from inside the “once again,” re- will get “repetition of a hobby,” and in that it experience it’s very well-known as the an excellent formative element in English, applicable to virtually any verb. OED produces that it is “impossible to attempt a complete checklist of all of the versions resulting from its use,” and adds you to definitely “What amount of such is nearly infinite . “
Usually only rigorous, and in a number of the more mature borrowings off French and you can Latin the precise sense of re- try shed, destroyed in second senses, or poor past recognition, as a result it doesn’t have obvious semantic content (receive, highly recommend, get well, reduce, recreate, send, religion, are, consult, require). Around appear to have become significantly more such as for example conditions during the Center English than after, age.grams. recomfort (v.) “so you can morale, console; encourage;” recourse (n.) “a process, means, path.” Get well inside Middle English plus you’ll suggest “get, win” (glee, a kingdom, etcetera.) with no thought of taking things back, along with “acquire the upper give, overcome; reach;” think about the brand new courtroom feeling of recovery because “see (property) of the view otherwise court process.”
And, because of sound alter and you will accent shifts, re- either totally loses the name since a great prefix (break the rules, relic, remnant, restive, rest (letter.2) “relax,” rally (v.1) “gather”). In some terms and conditions it’s shorter to roentgen-, such as ransom (a beneficial doublet off redemption), rampart, etcetera.
It had been made use of from Center English into the building terms and conditions away from Germanic including Latin issues (reconstruct, fill-up, reset, rewrite), and was utilized so in https://datingranking.net/cs/bdsm-recenze/ Dated French (feel dissapointed about, admiration, reward, an such like.).
c. 1300, “composed functions, literature;” late 14c., “reading regarding courses,” off Medieval Latin lectura “a reading,” regarding Latin lectus , prior participle of legere “to read through,” to begin with “to collect, collect, select, choose” (evaluate choose), out-of Cake sources *leg- (1) “to get, gather,” that have derivatives definition “to speak (to help you ‘pick out words’).” Thus to read through was, possibly, etymologically, so you’re able to “pick out terms.”
Faith (letter.)
The feeling from “a training aloud, action of studying out loud” (in a choice of divine worship or even students) for the English came up very early 15c. Compared to “a commentary with the certain subject just before an audience to own intentions from education” try off 1530s. Meaning “admonitory message considering having a standpoint to help you reproof otherwise modification” was from c. 1600. Lecture-area are regarding 1793; lecture-hallway off 1832. In the Greek the words nonetheless had the twice sensory faculties based on “to speak” and you may “to collect” ( apologos “a story, facts, fable;” elaiologos “an enthusiastic olive gatherer”).